George E. Nitzsche Unitariana collection, 1778-2007

United States

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Idaho became a state on July 3, 1890 with post offices being established as early as 1876. From the guide to the Franklin County, Idaho Post Office Location Records, 1876-1945, (Utah State University. Special Collections and Archives) These photographs document Region 4, started in 1910, of the US Forest Service, covering Utah, Nevada, Southern Idaho, and Western Wyoming. From the guide to the US Forest Service Photograph Collection., 19...

Alcott, Louisa May, 1832-1888

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Louisa May Alcott (November 29, 1832 – March 6, 1888) was an American novelist, short story writer, and poet best known as the for her novel Little Women (1868) and the sequels Little Men (1871) and Jo's Boys (1886). Born in Germantown (Philadelphia), Pennsylvania, Louisa May Alcott was the daughter of transcendentalist and educator Amos Bronson Alcott and social worker Abby May. Like her famous literary counterpart, Jo March, she was the second of four daughters. The eldest, Anna Bronson (Al...

Anthony, Susan B. (Susan Brownell), 1820-1906

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Susan B. Anthony (born Susan Anthony; February 15, 1820 – March 13, 1906) was an American social reformer and women's rights activist who played a pivotal role in the women's suffrage movement. Born into a Quaker family committed to social equality, she collected anti-slavery petitions at the age of 17. In 1856, she became the New York state agent for the American Anti-Slavery Society. In 1851, she met Elizabeth Cady Stanton, who became her lifelong friend and co-worker in social reform activ...

Clarke, James Freeman, 1810-1888

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James Freeman Clarke (April 4, 1810 – June 8, 1888) was an American theologian and author. Born in Hanover, New Hampshire, on April 4, 1810, James Freeman Clarke was the son of Samuel Clarke and Rebecca Parker Hull, though he was raised by his grandfather James Freeman, minister at King's Chapel in Boston, Massachusetts. He attended the Boston Latin School, and later graduated from Harvard College in 1829, and Harvard Divinity School in 1833. Ordained into the Unitarian church he first became...

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 1803-1882

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Ralph Waldo Emerson (May 25, 1803, Boston, Massachusetts– April 27, 1882, Concord, Massachusetts), American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century.Epithet: American essayist British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000621.0x000365 ...

Fuller, Margaret, 1810-1850

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Sarah Margaret Fuller Ossoli (May 23, 1810 – July 19, 1850) was an American journalist, editor, critic, translator, and women's rights advocate associated with the American transcendentalism movement. She was the first American female war correspondent, writing for Horace Greeley's New-York Tribune, and full-time book reviewer in journalism. Her book Woman in the Nineteenth Century is considered the first major feminist work in the United States. Born Sarah Margaret Fuller in Cambridge, Massa...

Bryant, William Cullen, 1794-1878

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William Cullen Bryant (b. November 3, 1794, Cummington, Massachusetts-d. June 12, 1878, New York, New York), American romantic poet, journalist, and long-time editor of the New York Evening Post....

Everett, Edward, 1794-1865

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Edward Everett was an American statesman, clergyman, and orator, as well as professor of Greek at Harvard University and president of Harvard University, 1846-1849. Everett was born in Dorchester, Massachusetts, and graduated from Harvard with highest honors in 1811, completing an M.A. in Divinity in 1814. After a brief stint as a minister, Harvard offered him the newly created position of Professor of Greek; brilliant but untrained, Everett went to Göttingen to prepare for...

Adams, John Quincy, 1767-1848

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John Quincy Adams (b. July 11, 1767, Braintree, Massachusetts-d. February 23, 1848, Washington, D.C.) was an American statesman who served as a diplomat, United States Senator, member of the House of Representatives, and the sixth President of the United States. He was a member of the Federalist, Democratic-Republican, National Republican, and later the Anti-Masonic and Whig parties. He was the son of President John Adams and Abigail Adams. As a diplomat, Adams played an important role in neg...

Adams, John, 1735-1826

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John Adams (1735-1826) was the second president of the United States, born in Braintree (now Quincy), Massachusetts. He served as defense counsel for British soldiers accused of Boston Massacre in 1770; as delegate to Continental Congress from 1774 to 1778; as member of committee charged with drafting Declaration of Independence in 1776; as congressional commissioner to France from 1778 to 1779; as minister to United Provinces in 1780; and negotiated a loan from Dutch bankers in 1782. Adams join...

Child, Lydia Maria, 1802-1880

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Lydia Maria Child was born Lydia Maria Francis in Medford, Massachusetts on February 11, 1802. She was born into an abolitionist family and was greatly influenced by her brother, Convers, who would later become a Unitarian Clergyman. After the death of her mother in 1814, Child moved to Maine to live with her sister and began teaching in Gardiner in 1819. While living in Maine, Child became increasingly interested in Native Americans and visited many nearby settlements. Child began actively writ...

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 1809-1894

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Holmes (Harvard, M.D. 1836) was Parkman Professor of Anatomy at Harvard Medical School from 1847 to 1882, dean of the Medical School from 1847 to 1853, and a noted essayist and poet. A paper on the contagiousness of puerperal fever, presented at an 1843 meeting of the Boston Society for Medical Improvement, was his most famous contribution to medicine. His indictment of physicians for their role in causing and spreading the fever was one of the most controversial treatises of the time...

Sparks, Jared (1)

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Greeley, Horace, 1811-1872

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Horace Greeley (February 3, 1811 – November 29, 1872) was an American newspaper editor and publisher who was the founder and editor of the New-York Tribune, among the great newspapers of its time. Long active in politics, he served briefly as a congressman from New York, and was the unsuccessful candidate of the new Liberal Republican party in the 1872 presidential election against incumbent President Ulysses S. Grant, who won by a landslide. Greeley was born to a poor family in Amherst, New ...

Webster, Daniel, 1782-1852

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Daniel Webster (January 18, 1782 – October 24, 1852) was an American lawyer and statesman who represented New Hampshire and Massachusetts in the U.S. Congress and served as the U.S. Secretary of State under Presidents William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, and Millard Fillmore. As one of the most prominent American lawyers of the 19th century, he argued over 200 cases before the U.S. Supreme Court between 1814 and his death in 1852. During his life, he was a member of the Federalist Party, the Nati...

Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, 1823-1911

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Higginson was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on December 22, 1823. He was a descendant of Francis Higginson, a Puritan minister and immigrant to the colony of Massachusetts Bay. His father, Stephen Higginson (born in Salem, Massachusetts, November 20, 1770; died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, February 20, 1834), was a merchant and philanthropist in Boston and steward of Harvard University from 1818 until 1834. His grandfather, also named Stephen Higginson, was a member of the Continental Congre...

Peabody, Elizabeth Palmer, 1804-1894

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Elizabeth Palmer Peabody was at the center of the Transcendentalist movement in New England. Although she wrote and published many works, she is best remembered for her support and friendship of Emerson, Hawthorne, Margaret Fuller and many others. She published the journal Dial, founded the famous West Street Book Shop and Publishing House, and introduced kindergarten to America. From the description of Elizabeth Palmer Peabody letters, 1846-1854. (Pennsylvania State University Libra...

Wendte, Charles W. (Charles William), 1844-1931

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Charles William Wendte (1844-1931) graduated from Meadville Theological School in 1867 and Harvard Divinity School in 1869. Ordained to the Unitarian ministry, he served parishes in Chicago, Illinois; Cincinnati, Ohio; Boston, Massachusetts; Newport, Rhode Island; and Los Angeles and Oakland, California. From 1900 to 1920, he served as the general secretary of the International Council of Liberal Religious Thinkers and Workers. He also served as the secretary of the Foreign Relations Department ...

Garfield, James A. (James Abram), 1831-1881

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James Garfield, twentieth President of the United States, was born in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, in 1831. After embarking on an academic career, he joined the Ohio volunteer infantry regiment, and in 1863 was appointed Major General in the same regiment. He served as a member of the U. S. House of Representatives from 1863 to 1880, when he was elected President. His inauguration took place on March 4, 1881, but his term of office was unfortunately brought to an abrupt end with his assassination by C...

Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882

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Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England. His father, Robert Waring Darwin (1766-1848), was a physician, the son of Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802), a poet, philosopher, and naturalist. Robert established a successful medical practice in Shrewsbury where he was known for his kindness extended to the poor. He was financially quite successful and willing to support his sons in their various endeavors. Although not a prolific writer, he was elected to the Royal Society ...

Story, Joseph, 1779-1845

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Jurist, politician, and professor of law Joseph Story (1779-1845) was born in Marblehead, Massachusetts on September 18, 1779. He received an AB from Harvard in 1798, an AM in 1801, and an LLD in 1821; he also received law degrees from Brown University and Dartmouth College. In 1802, Story married Mary Lynde Oliver. After Mary's death in 1805, Story married Sarah Waldo Wetmore in 1808. Story practiced law in Salem, Mass. and served as a representative in the state legislature before b...

Parkman, Francis, 1823-1893

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Noted American historian from Massachusetts who traveled the Oregon Trail and published extensively on early America. From the description of Letter, November 27, 1865. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 233593490 Francis Parkman, historian, was born in Boston and educated at Harvard, his father's alma mater. Samuel Parkman was a Unitarian pastor who founded The Parkman Professorship of Pulpit Eloquence and Pastoral Care in The Cambridge Theological ...

Andrew, John A. (John Albion), 1818-1867

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Lawyer, founder of Free Soil Party in Massachusetts, governor of Massachusetts, 1861-1866. From the description of ALS, 1861 Oct. 19, New York, N.Y., to an unknown correspondent. (Rosenbach Museum & Library). WorldCat record id: 122524861 Prominent anti-slavery lawyer and Civil War governor of Massachusetts. From the description of Papers, 1772-1895, [microform]. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 25618330 Andrew was Governor of Massachusetts ...

Bowditch, Nathaniel, 1773-1838

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American writer on navigation. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Salem, to an unidentified recipient, 1810 Nov. 1. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270910812 From the description of Letter signed : Boston, to William Vaughan in London, 1837 May 29. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270910815 Astronomer, mathematician, and insurance executive. From the description of Nathaniel Bowditch correspondence, 1809. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 794511...

Martineau, Harriet, 1802-1876

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Harriet Martineau, English novelist, economist, and social reformer. From the guide to the Harriet Martineau manuscript material : 11 items, ca. 1834-1861, (The New York Public Library. Carl H. Pforzheimer Collection of Shelley and His Circle.) English author and traveler. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Stockbridge, Massachusetts, to Judge Joseph Story, [1836] May 5. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270871427 Harriet Martineau, journalis...

Long, John Davis, 1838-1915

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U.S. secretary of the navy and U.S. representative and governor of Massachusetts. From the description of Letters and signature of John Davis Long, 1885-1900. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71014961 ...

Shaw, Lemuel, 1781-1861

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Chief justice of Massachusetts, 1830-1860. His daughter Elizabeth married the author Herman Melville. From the description of ALS : Boston, to Joseph B. Felt, 1834 Oct. 14. (Rosenbach Museum & Library). WorldCat record id: 122475395 Shaw was chief justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court (1830-1860). Webster and Parkman were on the faculty of Harvard Medical School at the time of Parkman's murder. From the description of Sentence of John W. Webster...

Mann, Horace, 1796-1859

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Horace Mann was an educator and a statesman who greatly advanced the cause of universal, free, non-sectarian public schools. Mann also advocated temperance, abolition, hospitals for the mentally ill, and women's rights. From the description of Horace Mann Letter, 1858. (University of the Pacific). WorldCat record id: 213372958 Horace Mann, "Father of our Public Schools," was born in Franklin, Massachusetts on May 4, 1796. His family was poor and his father di...

Lowell, James Russell, 1819-1891

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Poet and author, Cornell University non-resident professor. From the description of James Russell Lowell letter and portrait, 1871 July 12. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 123412650 Lowell was an author, poet, editor, teacher, and diplomat. He edited The Atlantic Monthly, and with Charles Eliot Norton, The North American Review ; was professor of French and Spanish Languages and Literatures at Harvard; and U.S. minister to Spain and to England. Aldrich was ...

Unitarian Society of Germantown (Philadelphia, Pa.)

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Parker, Theodore, 1810-1860.

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Unitarian minister and reformer. From the description of Letter, 1850 Nov. 5, Boston, to Charles Mason. (Boston Athenaeum). WorldCat record id: 170925855 Rev. Theodore Parker (1810-1860), Unitarian minister, social reformer, and publicist, was born in Lexington, Mass., a grandson of Captain John Parker (1729-1775) of Revolutionary fame. Parker graduated from Harvard Divinity School in 1836, became minister of West Roxbury, and proceeded to develop his theological and social ...

Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870

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Epithet: novelist British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000429.0x0002c9 English writer. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Office of All the Year Round, 26 Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C., to Frederick Lehmann, 1863 Nov. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270125432 English novelist and publisher. From the description of ALS : Broadstairs, Kent, to Mr. Cullenford, 18...

Hoar, George Frisbie, 1826-1904

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U. S. Senator from Massachusetts. From the description of George Frisbie Hoar letter to S. S. McClure [manuscript], 1894 January 5. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 694733616 George Frisbie Hoar (1826-1904) was a Republican Senator from Massachusetts (1877-1904). From the description of Autograph collection, 1598-1945. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 122405022 From the guide to the George Frisbie Hoar autograph collection, 1598-194...

Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 1804-1864

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Nathaniel Hawthorne, American author. From the description of Nathaniel Hawthorne manuscript material : 1 item, ca. 1853-1857 (New York Public Library). WorldCat record id: 301761440 American author, writer of romances, stories, and juvenile works. Born July 4, 1804, in Salem, Mass.; died May, 1864, in Plymouth, N.H. Sometime resident of Concord, Mass. Graduated from Bowdoin College in 1825. Hawthorne's association with the Boston publishing firm of Ticknor and Fields began ...

Dix, Dorothea Lynde, 1802-1887

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Dix was a humanitarian crusader for the mentally ill. She investigated the conditions of the hospitalized insane in many U.S. states and some European countries, and petitioned state and national legislatures for reforms. She was also superintendent of army nurses during the Civil War. Eliot was a Unitarian minister, an educator, and assisted in the founding of Reed College in Oregon. From the description of Letters to Thomas Lamb Eliot, 1869-1885. (Harvard University). WorldCat reco...

Channing, William Ellery, 1780-1842

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William Ellery Channing (1780-1842) graduated from Harvard College in 1798. He served on the board of the Harvard Corporation from 1813 to 1826, where he worked for the establishment of the Divinity School, which occurred in 1816. A Unitarian minister, Channing served as the pastor of the Federal Street Church in Boston from 1803 until his death in 1842. In 1819 he gave the landmark Unitarian sermon, Unitarian Christianity, which upon publication sold thousands of copies. A believer in the aboli...

Taft, William Howard, 1857-1930

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William Howard Taft (1857-1930) was an American politician who served as U.S. President (1908-1912) and Chief Justitce of the Supreme Court (1921-1930). 1857 Born in Cincinnati, Ohio on September 15th 1878 Graduated from Yale University 1880 Graduated from Cincinnati Law School ...

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr., 1841-1935

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Holmes was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to the prominent writer and physician Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. and abolitionist Amelia Lee Jackson. Dr. Holmes was a leading figure in Boston intellectual and literary circles. Mrs. Holmes was connected to the leading families; Henry James Sr., Ralph Waldo Emerson and other transcendentalists were family friends. Known as "Wendell" in his youth, Holmes, Henry James Jr. and William James became lifelong friends. Holmes accordingly grew up in an atmospher...

Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826

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Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) was an American statesman and third president of the United States. From the description of Thomas Jefferson letter, 1809. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 367818629 Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) was the third president of the United States, born in Goochland (now Albemarle County), Virginia. He was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses from 1769 to 1775, and with R. H. Lee and Patrick Henry initiated the inter-colonial committee of correspond...

Nitzsche, George Erazmus, 1874-1961

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Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 1807-1882

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Poet, from Cambridge (Middlesex Co.), Mass. From the description of Papers, 1859-1874. (Duke University Library). WorldCat record id: 19903002 American author and poet. From the description of A psalm of life, fourth verse, 1850. (Maine Historical Society Library). WorldCat record id: 274069802 American teacher, translator, and poet. From the description of Letter, Nahant, Mass., to Mrs. T.B. Lawrence, Newport, 1872 July 20. (Boston Athenaeum...

Priestley, Joseph, 1733-1804

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Joseph Priestley was an English clergyman, political theorist, and physical scientist whose work contributed to advances in liberal political and religious thought and in experimental chemistry. He is best remembered for his contribution to the chemistry of gases. He relocated to Northumberland, Pa. From the description of Joseph Priestley papers, 1777-1835. (Pennsylvania State University Libraries). WorldCat record id: 53101438 Priestley and Vaughan, amongst others, founded...

Fillmore, Millard, 1800-1874

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Millard Fillmore was born in Cayuga County, N.Y. and later became a resident of East Aurora and Buffalo. He was a lawyer, local office holder, State Assemblyman, U.S. Congressman, N.Y. State Comptroller, Vice-President under Zachary Taylor and 13th U.S. President, 1850-1853. He was also involved in establishing numerous Buffalo institutions. He was a founder and first Chancellor of the University of Buffalo, Commander of the Union Continentals (Home Guard) during Civil War, and first president o...

Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 1815-1902

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Elizabeth Cady Stanton was born in Johnstown, New York in 1815. She organized the first Women's Rights Convention at Senecca Falls, New York, in 1848 and for more than fifty years thereafter was a crusader for women's rights, especially women's suffrage. She died in New York City in 1902....